Роберт Ли Фрост: биография и творческий путь

ROBERT LEE FROST Done by: Alimzhanov Victor

Who is Robert Frost? Who is Robert Frost? Robert Frost is an American poet, winner of four Pulitzer Prizes. Famous works include "Fire and Ice", "Mending Wall", "Birches", "Out Out", "Nothing Gold Can Stay" and "Home Burial". His poem "The Road Not Taken" is often read at graduation ceremonies throughout the United States. As a special guest at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy, Frost became a poetic force and the unofficial "poet laureate" of the United States. Frost spent his first 40 years as an unknown. He exploded on stage after returning from England at the beginning of the First World War. Robert Frost died of complications from prostate surgery on January 29, 1963.

Early years Early years Frost was born on March 26, 1874 in San Francisco, California. He spent the first 11 years of his life there until his father, journalist William Prescott Frost Jr., died of tuberculosis. After the death of his father, Frost, along with his mother and sister Jeanie, moved to Lawrence, Massachusetts. They moved in with his grandparents, and Frost attended Lawrence High School. Starting in 1897, Frost studied at Harvard University, but two years later he was forced to drop out due to health problems. He returned to Lawrence to join his wife. In 1900, Frost moved with his wife and children to a farm in New Hampshire, a property that Frost's grandfather bought for them, and they tried to live on it for the next 12 years. Although it was a fruitful time for Frost's work, it was a difficult period in his personal life, as two of his young children died. Despite such difficulties, it was at this time that Frost got used to rural life. In fact, he has grown to portray it quite well in his work. 

Wife Wife Frost met his future love and wife Eleanor White when they were both students at Lawrence High School. She was his co-author when they graduated from high school in 1892. In 1894, Frost proposed to White, who was studying at St. Lawrence University, but she turned him down because she wanted to finish school first. Then Frost decided to leave for Virginia, and when he returned, he proposed to her again. By then, White had graduated from college, and she agreed. They were married on December 19, 1895. White died in 1938. In 1937, she was diagnosed with cancer, underwent surgery and suffered from heart disease for a long time, from which she eventually died.

Robert Frost's Children Robert Frost's Children Frost and White had six children. Their first child, Elliot, was born in 1896. Leslie's daughter was born in 1899. Elliot died of cholera in 1900. After his death, Elinor gave birth to four more children: son Carol (1902), who committed suicide in 1940; Irma (1903), who later developed mental illness; Marjorie (1905), who died in her late 20s after giving birth; and Elinor (1907), who died only a few weeks after her birth.

The Early Poetry of Robert Frost The Early Poetry of Robert Frost In 1894, Frost published his first poem, "My Butterfly: an Elegy," in The Independent, a weekly literary magazine based in New York City. Two poems, "The Tuft of Flowers" and "The Trial by Existence", were published in 1906. He could not find a single publisher who would agree to subscribe to his other poems. In 1912, Frost and Elinor decided to sell their farm in New Hampshire and move the family to England, where they hoped there would be more publishers willing to take risks with new poets. Just a few months later, the 38-year-old Frost found a publisher who printed his first book of poetry, "A Boy's Will," and a year later, "North of Boston." It was during this time that Frost met fellow poets Ezra Pound and Edward Thomas, two people who had a significant impact on his life. Pound and Thomas were the first to evaluate his work in a favorable light, and also provided significant support. Frost believed that Thomas's long walks through the English landscape inspired him to create one of his most famous poems: "The Road Not Taken". Apparently, Thomas's indecision and regret about which paths to choose inspired Frost to work. Frost's time in England was one of the most significant periods in his life, but it was short-lived. Shortly after the outbreak of World War I, in August 1914, Frost and Elinor were forced to return to America.

Public recognition Public recognition When Frost returned to America, his reputation preceded him and he was well received by the literary world. His new publisher, Henry Holt, who would stay with him for the rest of his life, bought all copies of North of Boston. In 1916, he published "Frost's Mountain Interval", a collection of other works he created during his stay in England, including a tribute to Thomas. Magazines like the Atlantic Monthly, which had previously rejected Frost when he submitted the work, were now calling. Frost is known to have sent the same poems to the Atlantic that they rejected before his stay in England. In 1915, Frost and Elinor settled on a farm they had bought in Franconia, New Hampshire. There, Frost began a long career teaching at several colleges, reading poetry to impatient crowds and composing all the time. He taught at Dartmouth and the University of Michigan at various times, but his most significant connection was with Amherst College, where he taught continuously from 1916 until his wife's death in 1938. The main library is now named after him. For more than 40 years, starting in 1921, Frost also spent almost every summer and fall at Middlebury College, teaching English at its Ripton, Vermont campus. In the late 1950s, Frost, along with Ernest Hemingway and T. S. Eliot, advocated the release of his old friend Ezra Pound, who was being held in a federal psychiatric hospital for treason due to his participation in the Fascist takeover of Italy during World War II. Pound was released in 1958 after the charges were dropped.

The most famous poems of Robert Frost The most famous poems of Robert Frost "The Unused Path" "Birches" "Fire and Ice" "Fixing the wall" "Home funeral" "Death of an employee" "Stop in the forest on a snowy evening" "Getting to know the night" "Away, away" "Nothing golden can stay"

Pulitzer Prizes Pulitzer Prizes In 1924, Frost won his first of four Pulitzer Prizes for his book New Hampshire. He subsequently won the Pulitzer Prize for "Collected Poems" (1931), "A Further Range" (1937) and "A Witness Tree" (1943). In 1960, Congress awarded Frost the Congressional Gold Medal. At the age of 86, Frost was honored when he was asked to write and recite a poem for the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy in 1961. Now his eyesight was weak, he could not make out the words in the sunlight and replaced them with reading one of his poems "The Gift Outright", which he remembered. In 1962, Frost visited the Soviet Union on a goodwill visit. However, when he accidentally distorted a statement made by Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev after their meeting, he unwittingly destroyed much of the good intentions of his visit.

The death of Robert Frost The death of Robert Frost On January 29, 1963, Frost died of complications related to prostate surgery. He is survived by two daughters, Leslie and Irma. His ashes are buried in the family plot in Bennington, Vermont.