День космонавтики

<< Cosmonautics Day >> Выполнила: Гавришева Елизавета обучающаяся 8 класса МБОУ СОШ № 1 С. Александров Гай Руководитель : Асташкина Ольга Ивановна, учитель физики МБОУ СОШ № 1 с. Александров Гай Региональный интернет-конкурс обучающихся, воспитанников и педагогов «Он сказал: «Поехали!» Конкурс презентаций 

Holiday history On April 12, 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin made an orbital flyby of the planet Earth. The flight in near-Earth space lasted almost 2 hours. In the Soviet Union, the holiday was established by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 9, 1962. This holiday was established at the suggestion of the second Pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, German Titov, who addressed the Central Committee of the CPSU with a corresponding proposal on March 26, 1962. In the Russian Federation, Cosmonautics Day is celebrated in accordance with Article 1.1 of Federal Law No. 32-FZ of March 13, 1995 "On Days of Military Glory and Memorable Dates of Russia". As a rule, the main events in the celebration of the holiday are held in Moscow: the Moscow Planetarium hosts excursions, and the Cosmonautics Museum prepares special projects, lectures and meetings.

Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin On April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in world history to fly into outer space. The Vostok launch vehicle carrying the Vostok-1 spacecraft carrying Gagarin was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome, located in the Kyzyl-Orda region of Kazakhstan. After 108 minutes of flight, Gagarin successfully landed in the Saratov region. On April 12, 1961, the day of Yuri Gagarin's flight into space was declared a holiday-Cosmonautics Day.

Note by Yuri Gagarin

Holiday history The first space flight aroused great interest around the world, and Yuri Gagarin himself became a world celebrity. At the invitation of foreign governments and public organizations, he visited about 30 countries. In the following years, Gagarin led a great social and political work, graduated from the Air Force Engineering Academy named after Professor N. E. Zhukovsky, worked at the Cosmonaut Training Center and prepared for a new flight into space. On March 27, 1968, Yuri Gagarin died in a plane crash in the Vladimir region while performing a training flight on an airplane under the guidance of an experienced instructor V. S. Seregin. The causes and circumstances of the crash remain unclear to this day.

Belka and Strelka Belka and Strelka are Soviet cosmonaut dogs who made a space flight on the Sputnik-5 spacecraft on August 19, 1960. The main purpose of the flight was to study the influence of space flight factors on the body of animals and other biological objects. There have also been several biomedical experiments and scientific studies of outer space. The flight lasted more than 25 hours. During this time, the ship made 17 complete orbits around the Earth. Belka and Strelka became the first animals to make an orbital space flight and successfully return to Earth.

A day in space On August 6-7, 1961, Herman Titov made a space flight lasting 1 day and 1 hour, making 17 orbits around the Earth, flying more than 700 thousand kilometers.

Successes of Soviet cosmonautics In the years since the first flight of Yuri Gagarin, about 500 people from more than 40 countries have visited space. On August 11 and 12, 1962, Andriyan Nikolaev and Pavel Popovich were launched on the Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 spacecraft, and on June 16, 1963, the first female cosmonaut, Valentina Tereshkova, was launched. On August 6, 1961, the Vostok 2 spacecraft with Herman Titov was launched. .

. For many decades, the space industry has received a comprehensive development in our country. Many discoveries and records were made and set by Soviet and then Russian cosmonauts. The profession of cosmonaut became almost the most prestigious in the Soviet Union, hundreds of thousands of Soviet boys dreamed of space, for many it was the example of Yu. Gagarin defined his life path, pushing him to enter flight and aviation engineering schools.