Работа на НПК по теме "Возможности туризма" на английском языке 9 класс

Министерством образования Пермского края

МАОУ «Средняя общеобразовательная школа № 108» г. Перми

Opportunities of the tourism

Выполнил:

ученица 9 «В» класса

МАОУ «СОШ № 108»

Чулкина Анастасия

Научный руководитель:
учитель английского языка

МАОУ «СОШ №108»

Шугаева Наталья Александровна

г.Пермь,2020

Introduction

I have chosen this topic because of its relevance in the world nowadays. It is a well-known fact that tourism plays a very important role in developing of economy in any country. Tourism is a worldwide industry. In many countries, it is the most important largest source ofincome.

The tourism industry provides jobs and brings a country foreign currency. Many groups profit from tourism: travel agencies, storeowners, airports and airlines, hotels, restaurants, etc.

The importance of tourism industry is great, many people travel around the world every day. But do Russian people use their opportunities of the tourism? I decided to find it out and research opportunities of high school students to travel. Moreover, I decided to learn more about their preferences -countries that pupils visited or would like to visit in the future.

The aim is to analyze all modern kinds of tourism and research opportunities of the tourism

The tasks are:

1. Reading literature

2. Researching of pupil’s opportunities to travel

3. Analysing the results

The history of tourism

People have been travelling for pleasure since ancient times. In ancient Egypt, religious festivals attracted people from the whole Nile Valley. Ancient Greeks travelled regularly to the places of their gods. Romans travelled to Greece, Sicily and other places in the empire. Wealthy Romans had second homes near the sea where they spent the summer.

During the Renaissance educated Europeans embarked on what was called the Grand Tour, a trip to several European countries to enjoy art and architecture and get educated.

I have learnt that in the 18th century, tourism began to change. For example, people started to visit towns like Bath in the UK to “take the waters”. They believed that drinking the water in these towns was good for them. Large, expensive hotels were built in these towns.

In the 19th century, the invention of the steam engine made it possible for people to travel by boat and train. Regular passenger services from Europe to America started in the 20th century. The invention of the automobile made it possible to travel larger distances by car.

In the 1960s going on holidays by plane became affordable for many. Jumbo jets of the early 1970s were capable of carrying over 400 passengers and reducing costs of travelling to other continents even further.

People started to have more money and more time. Until 1908, workers did not usually have holidays from work. But by 1951, 66 per cent of British workers had two weeks holiday a year. And by 2000, 92 per cent of workers had four weeks holiday a year.

Nowadays tourism is becoming more popular. It is one of the best ways to spend holidays.

Tourism nowadays

Tourism is travelling for pleasure or to enjoy yourself away from the place you live.  People do this for many different reasons – to have fun, visit other countries and learn about other cultures or just relax from stressful working life. Tourists go to various destinations - countries with great landmarks, places with lovely beaches or simply areas of wilderness and untouched nature.
Tourism is one of the most flourishing industries in the world, making a significant contribution to the world's GDP. Every year, millions of people from across the globe travel miles and miles away from their homes, in order to see the distant lands and experience their culture. The tourism industry exists in some form or the other in every part of the world, and tourists are seentraveling to some of the seemingly most inaccessible places.

Modern life is impossible without travelling because we often get tired of the same surroundings and daily routine. That is why the best place of relaxation is the one where you have never been before.And it is means of travelling that you get to that place.

Travelling by train is slower than by plane, but it has its advantages. You can see the country you are travelling through and enjoy the beautiful nature. It may be an express train or a passenger one.

There is no doubt it is much more convenient to travel by an express train, because it does not stop at small stations and it takes you less time to get to your destination.

But if you are in a hurry and want to save time you’d better travel by plane, because it is the fastest way of travelling.

Some people prefer to travel by ship when possible. A sea voyage is very enjoyable, indeed. But some people think the best way of travelling is by car. The advantages of this way of spending your holiday are that you don’t have to buy a ticket; you can stop wherever you wish, where there is something interesting to see.

Tourism has become a highly developed business. There are so many kinds of tourism such as cultural, recreation, business and so on.What choice to make? It is up to you to decide. There is a great variety of choice available for you.

Types of tourism

The first type of tourism is leisure tourism.Tourists may travel to experience a change in climate and place and learn something new, enjoy pleasant scenery, or to know more about the culture of a destination. Tourists, who seek break from the stress of day to day life, devote their holiday to rest and relaxation, refresh themselves. These tourists prefer to stay in some quiet and relaxed destination preferably at a hill resort, beach resort or island resort. Nowadays tourists undertake various adventure sports activities for leisure and to refresh themselves after working hard.

Cultural tourism,it is also called as heritage tourism. People are curious to know about foreign lands and their cultures. Culture is most important factor that attracts tourists to a destination.

Cultural tourism gives insight to

People’s lifestyle of distant land

Dress, jewellery, dance, music, architecture

Customs and traditions

Fairs and festivals

Religions

Culinary delights

Religious tourism, it is also called as Pilgrimage tourism / Spiritual tourism. It is a form of tourism, where people travel individually or in groups for pilgrimage. The world's largest form of mass religious tourism takes place at the annual Hajj pilgrimage in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Modern religious tourists are more able to visit holy cities and holy sites around the world. The most famous holy cities are Jerusalem, Mecca and Varanasi.

Family tourism involves the family unit and their participation in diverse forms of tourism activity. This includes visiting one’s relatives and friends for interpersonal reasons. Many people in India travel for visiting their friends and relatives. While visiting friends or relatives, people also visit tourists’ attractions in and around the city.

Sports Tourism refers to travel which involves either viewing or participating in a sporting event staying apart from their usual environment. Sport tourism is a fast growing sector of the global travel industry. Sports tourism refers to people travelling to participate in a competitive sport event. Normally these kinds of events are the motivators that attract visitors to visit the events like Olympic Games, FIFA World Cup. Sports tourism can be adventurous also. Adventure sport tourism is also called as Adventure tourism. Adventure sport tourism is more challenging because it takes the tourists into regions which are less frequently visited and may not have easy access. According to the National Tour Association, adventure tourism is a "tour designed around an adventurous activity such as rafting, hiking, or mountain climbing."

Adventure sports tourism is a package of

Recreation

Enjoyment

Education

Thrills of participating in an adventure

Educational tourism developed, because of the growing popularity of teaching and learning of knowledge and the enhancing of technical competency outside of the classroom environment. In educational tourism, the focus of the touris visiting another country to learn about the culture, such as in Student Exchange Programs and Study Tours, organizing specialized lectures of the eminent personalities and for research.

Business tourism is becoming very popular in the world.

The business traveler’s main motive for travel is work. Tourists visit a particular destination for various reasons pertaining to his /her work such as attending a business meeting, conferences, conventions selling products, meeting clients. Business tourism is popularly called as MICE (Meetings, incentives, conferences, and exhibitions) tourism 

Alternative tourism aims at seeking a change from impersonal, traditional tourism to establishing cardinal rapport between visitors and the local community. Instead of using touristic commodities these tourists prefer to use or share the services of local people. The focus in these travels is the preserved natural environment, authentic atmosphere and cuisine, and local traditions. Alternative tourism is nowadays regarded as a key to sustainable development. It is also known as special interest tourism.

Ecotourism, also known as ecological tourism, is responsible travel to fragile and usually protected areas. Many people do not want to take an all-inclusive holiday because they want to learn about other countries and cultures. “Ecotourism” is a modern word: it means travelling to place to learn about different cultures and environments. Enjoying yourself is certainly part of these holidays, but education is important too. Today, ecotourism is becoming more and more popular.

Spas have been popular since Roman times. In 16th century Britain Bath became the center of spa tourism for the rich population. During the 19th century spas emerged all over Europe. Today people go to spas for the healing effect of mineral waters as well as for offer wellness treatment, massages, steam baths and other services.

Package holidays are organized tours that were started in the middle of the 19th century by a British businessman, Thomas Cook. Package tours are made up of travel to and accommodation at the destination. A tourist agency often provides everything from a plane flight to a rental car. Sometimes such package tours offer a combination of beach holidays and sightseeing trip.

Winter tourism started out in the middle of the 19th century when wealthy Europeans went to St. Moritz and other alpine resorts. In Europe and in the American Rockies skiing resorts attract millions of people every year. Various lifts bring skiers to altitudes of over 3,000 meters.

Medical tourism People go to other countries for medical treatment and operations. Irish women, for example, go to the UK because abortions are forbidden in their country.  West Europeans go to Eastern Europe for dental treatment. Americans go to Mexicofor plastic surgery and other operations.

Music tourism is one of the newest type of tourism. Music tourism can be categorized under pleasure tourism, as it involves travel of people to watch a music concert. Rock music and hip-hop music are the two main genre of music which create music tourism.

There are also unusual types of tourism such as space tourism and pro-poor tourism

The pro-poor tourism has to help the very poorest in developing countries.

Space tourism is the phenomenon of tourists paying for flights into space. As of 2009, orbital space tourism opportunities are limited and expensive, with only the Russian Space Agency providing transport. The price for a flight brokered by Space Adventures to the International Space Stations aboard a Soyuz spacecraft is US$ 20-35 million.

Conclusion

Analyzing the results of my research among the pupils of the 9th grade, I can draw the following conclusions:

Most pupils spend their summer holidays in their country houses.I must admit that students travel to resorts of Krasnodar Krai or seaside resorts abroad less. According to the research, 23% of pupil can afford traveling to resorts of The Black Sea and only 8% can afford traveling abroad and going on excursions. Indeed, travelling abroad is getting more expensive and inaccessible for many people because of political and economic situation in Russia. It is not surprising that the most popular kind of tourism is hiking,46% of pupils use this kind of tourism in summer. It does not require large expenditures and you can always find a company that would join you.

As to autumn holidays, most pupils spend their time at home and some of them prefer staying in country house. It should be noted that 8% of pupils travel to Russian cities such as Moscow and St Petersburg.

As well as in autumn holidays, students usually spend their spring holidays at home, 15% of them also visit famous cities of Russia and 15% of pupils go camping.

Concerning winter holidays, sports tourism takes the leading positions. Many pupils are fond of spending their holidays skiing and snowboarding in ski resorts. Nevertheless, 23% of students spend their holidays in country house and 8% carry on hiking.

The pupils of the 9th grade visited countries such as Cyprus, Tunisia, Abkhazia and Turkey.

They would also like to visit countries such as the USA, Italy, the UK, Canada, the Netherlands, France, Sweden, Japan, Switzerland, Thailand and Maldives.

According to the results, most people would like to visit the USA (54%), the UK (31%) and Italy (31%).

Let us consider the results of the research among the pupils of the 10th grade.

To begin with, 100% of pupils spend their summer holidays at home, 70% of them combine it with spending time in country house, and 10% prefer having a rest in the camp in Russia.Moreover, 50% of students go on excursions in Russia, 30% travel to resorts of the Black Sea and 20% enjoy travelling abroad. Hiking is being used and popular as well as staying in country house.

Tourism plays a very important role in people’s life because it let us open new countries and places in our country that people have never known before.

Tourism helps to develop new abilities and it often carries on as a hobby.

Everybody can meet new people, learn more about other people’s culture, recover health and develop new activities and talents while travelling.

The main advantage of tourism is budget replenishment of countries.

Besides, tourism helps people to develop qualities such as hospitality and pride for motherland.

APPLICATION №1

The importance of tourism for countries

APPLICATION №2

Problems and advantages of tourism