Карел Чапек - знаменитый чешский писатель
Karel Čapek Done by: Zhornik Vlada
Karel Čapek is one of the most famous writers of the 20th century, prose writer and playwright. Karel Čapek is one of the most famous writers of the 20th century, prose writer and playwright. Karel Čapek was born on January 9, 1890 in Male Svatonovice, Austria-Hungary (now the Czech Republic), in the family of a factory doctor. In 1915 he received a PhD from the Charles University, and also studied philosophy at the universities in Berlin and Paris. For health reasons, he was not drafted into the army, he worked as a tutor. In the autumn of 1917, he began working as a journalist and critic for the Národní listy (National Gazette), from 1921 until his death he worked as a journalist and cultural and political editor for the Lidové noviny (People's Gazette). In 1921-1923 he was also a playwright at the Prague Vinohrady Theater (Divadlo na Vinohradech).
He took up literature in 1916 (collection of short stories Shining Depths, co-authored with his brother Josef). During his lifetime, he received wide recognition both in Czechoslovakia and abroad: he was a nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1936, the founder and first chairman of the Czechoslovak PEN Club, and a member of the League of Nations Committee on Literature and Art. In addition to literature and journalism, he gained fame as an amateur photographer. He took up literature in 1916 (collection of short stories Shining Depths, co-authored with his brother Josef). During his lifetime, he received wide recognition both in Czechoslovakia and abroad: he was a nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1936, the founder and first chairman of the Czechoslovak PEN Club, and a member of the League of Nations Committee on Literature and Art. In addition to literature and journalism, he gained fame as an amateur photographer.
He was a staunch anti-fascist. After he refused to leave the country after the resignation and emigration of President Edvard Beneš, he found himself in almost complete isolation. He died of bilateral pneumonia on December 25, 1938. He was a staunch anti-fascist. After he refused to leave the country after the resignation and emigration of President Edvard Beneš, he found himself in almost complete isolation. He died of bilateral pneumonia on December 25, 1938.
Karel Čapek and robots in his works In terms of robotics, the most important of his works is by far Rossum's Universal Robots, or R.U.R. for short, published in 1921. First of all, the appearance of the word "robot" is connected with this play. In addition, it addresses the ethical issues that may arise when creating artificial intelligence.
It should be noted that the robots in Karel Čapek's play differ significantly from the robots used today. In this play, a scientist named Rossum succeeds in synthesizing matter that can be used to create artificial, but functionally identical and similar to human, organs and tissues. In a word, something similar to artificial stem cells. It should be noted that the robots in Karel Čapek's play differ significantly from the robots used today. In this play, a scientist named Rossum succeeds in synthesizing matter that can be used to create artificial, but functionally identical and similar to human, organs and tissues. In a word, something similar to artificial stem cells.
Although, according to their original origin, robots were biological beings, and today they are "mechanical" devices in any sense of the word, serial production of such devices can be arranged. They eventually fail due to wear and tear. As needed, new models can be developed. Standard robots do not have any individual features at all and are considered just automata. Although, according to their original origin, robots were biological beings, and today they are "mechanical" devices in any sense of the word, serial production of such devices can be arranged. They eventually fail due to wear and tear. As needed, new models can be developed. Standard robots do not have any individual features at all and are considered just automata.
The history of the appearance of the word "robots" is as follows. One day, Karel Čapek had an idea - to write a play about artificial humanoid creatures that are created in order to work for people, and about the problems that can arise in such a situation. However, in the process of work, the writer could not find a suitable name for these creatures. The history of the appearance of the word "robots" is as follows. One day, Karel Čapek had an idea - to write a play about artificial humanoid creatures that are created in order to work for people, and about the problems that can arise in such a situation. However, in the process of work, the writer could not find a suitable name for these creatures. Therefore, he turned to his brother Josef Čapek, an artist and a good adviser, for advice. Josef suggested calling these artificial beings "robots". This word comes from the Czech word "Robota" and means forced labor, industriousness. If Jozef had not suggested this word, we would probably call them not “robots” now, but “labori”. It was this initial version that Karel Čapek had for future helpers of people endowed with elements of the mind.
