Основные способы выражения будущего времени в английском языке
Основные Способы выражения будущего времени в английском языке
В английском языке существуют разные способы сказать о предстоящих событиях и действиях. В чем разница?
Future Simple —ничего определенного Если вы пока только думаете о выполнении того или иного действия, вам пригодится Future Simple: will (shall) + смысловой глагол. Отрицательные предложения: will not/won’t В этом времени размышляют о ситуации в общем и делают предположения, но пока ничего еще не известно точно. will — спонтанное решение, принятое в данный момент I'd like to see animals. I think I’ll go to the zoo today. I think I’ll move to Great Britain in some years.
1. I think we_________ buy two return tickets. 2. Kate ___________ ten tomorrow. (to be) 3. My aunt ___________ go to Canada next summer. 4. I _____________ phone you in the evening. 5. I'm sure our 3-day tour __________ cost more than 5000 roubles. 6. They _____ football at the institute. (to play) 7. Lucy was born in 1995. In 2007 she ________ be 12. 8. It's sunny today. It ________ rain. 9. Kelly is eleven today. She ___________ be twelve until next year. 10. Rob is nine. He __________ be ten on his next birthday. 11. This month is May. It________ be June next month. 12. Jenny: 'Mum, the bus is late. I _______ be home until eight o'clock. 13. It's 25 degrees today. It _________ snow tomorrow. 14. I sent the letter this afternoon. It __________ arrive until tomorrow. Поставьте глаголы в утвердительной или отрицательной форме Future Simple (Indefinite)
Составьте предложения во времени Future Simple I/ tomorrow/ to the theater/ go- I will go to the theatre tomorrow. Peter/ soon/ come We/ next year/ go/ to England I/ to do your homework/ help you Start/ the game/ at 10 o’clock Next week/ my father/ a new car/ buy Образуйте специальный вопрос к предложению The competition will start tomorrow (When)- When will the competition start? Nina will be at school in 10 minutes (Where) Ben will buy a new bicycle (What) Sam will come soon (Who) We will go to the cinema at 6 o’clock (What time) They will fly to Australia next week (Where)
Оборот to be going to To be going to «собираться что-то сделать»— это запланированное действие в ближайшем будущем: намерение, план. To be going to употребляется когда делается уверенный прогноз, основанный на имеющихся доказательствах, согласующихся с тем, что мы видим или знаем. Look at the clouds! It is going to rain. — Has he decided how to spend the money? — Yes, he is going to buy a car.
Расскажите о планах, используя конструкцию to be going to. I … (move) to London. - I am going to move to London. I … (fly) to the Moon. I … (marry) at 25. We … (have) three kids. My wife … (become) a famous actress. My wife and children … (travel) all over the world. We … (eat) in restaurants every day. I … (open) a flying school in England. Составьте отрицательные предложения, используя to be going to. We – not – catch – that train. - We are not going to catch that train. He – not – buy – a new sofa. They – not – watch – a football match tonight. I – not – tell – your secret to anyone. Anna – not – stay – at home.
Задайте вопросы к предложениям, начиная со слов в скобках. I am going to phone him tomorrow. (When …?) –When are you going to phone him? That tower is going to collapse soon. (Why …?) My friends are going to arrive today. (How many friends …?) We are going to pay for her. (How much …?) Mum is going to see her dentist on Monday. (When…?) I am going to wear a white dress tonight. (Why…?) Измените предложения, используя to be going to. I’ve decided to play football tonight. – I’m going to play football tonight. We plan to clean the house later. Lewis and Ethan have decided to watch a film at the weekend. They plan to make a cake for Dad’s birthday. Fred plans not to have a burger for lunch. We plan not to drop litter in the park Cara and Harriet have decided not to visit the museum on Saturday.
Present Continuous (я уже договорился сделать что-то, у меня есть точный план) Рассказать о запланированных действиях и договоренностях,особенно когда известно время и место действия можно в Present Continuous (is/am/are + Ving). She is taking her cat to the vet tomorrow. I’m finishing my job here at the end of July. They are signing the agreement tomorrow.
Present Simple Present Simple — расписание (поездов, самолетов, автобусов, уроков, лекций, фильмов, и т.п.); Если события произойдут в будущем, но с вероятностью 100%, используем настоящее время Present Simple (V1/V(s/es) ; do/does + V1). My studies begin in September. Their flight for Moscow leaves at 11:00 am.
Употребите один из случаев выражения будущего времени (will , Present Simple, Present Continuous . Объясните свой выбор. 1. We (have) a party next Saturday. Would you like to come? 2. I (not/go) away for my holidays next month because I haven’t got enough money. 3. The concert (start) at 7.30 in the evening. 4. George, is it true that you (get married) next week? 5. The art exhibition (open) on 3 May and (finish) on 15 July. 6. What time … the next train (leave)? 7. Ann, we … (go) to town, … you (come) with us? 8. I (have) lunch with some businessmen next Wednesday. 9. My Uncle John from America (visit) us soon. 10. The examinations (take place) next month as announced.
Выберите лучший или единственно правильный вариант выражения будущего времени. Объясните свой выбор. 1. When (do / will) our classes start tomorrow? 2. The train from Liverpool (arrives / will arrive) at 7.30. 3. I don’t think the train (arrives / will arrive) on time. 4. I (will apologize / apologize) if you (will explain / explain) to me why I should. 5. I (will play / am playing) football tomorrow. 6. I (will promise / promise) I (will phone / phone) my granny. 7. We (will go / are going) to St. Petersburg soon. 8. What time (does / will) the bus arrive in Cardiff? 9. Alec (is going to write / is writing) a letter to his parents in the evening. 10. We are having a party on Saturday night. (Will you come / Are you coming)?
И повторим еще раз: will — предсказание или предположение, основанное на собственном опыте или интуиции; will — спонтанное решение, принятое в данный момент; Present Simple — расписание (поездов, самолетов, автобусов, уроков, лекций, фильмов, и т.п.); Present Continuous — запланированное действие в ближайшем будущем: личная договоренность с людьми; be going to — запланированное действие в ближайшем будущем: намерение, план.