Редкие и исчезающие виды животных. национальные парки природы.
|
Contents:
Endangered animals..............................................................3
The RSPCA. WWF. “Greenpeace”. “Red Book”..............12
Wild Animal’s Park. National Parks...................................15
The London Zoo..................................................................24
The Moscow Zoo. ...............................................................24
Endangered animals
Bactrian camel
Animal facts
Camels can endure long periods without water (up to ten months) and therefore can grape far from watering holes. When they drink, they can take well over 130 liters within a short time. They conserve water by allowing their body temperature to rise during hot weather so they do not need to sweat very much. The skin has practically no sweat glands.
Where they live
Gobi Desert in Mongolia, E.Taklimakan Desert in China
Habitat
Desert, grassy plains and mountain regions
What they eat
Fide range of plants, many unpalatable to other animals
IUCN status
Critically endangered
Red panda
Animal facts
Red pandas look like foxes. It isn’t big with 4 paws and a tail. Red panda is of international programmes and you can see them in zoos.
Where they live
The Himalayas, Burma. Nepal, western Szechuan and Yunnan
Habitat
forests
What they eat
Principally bamboo. Occasionally small mammals, birds, blossoms and berries
IUCN status
Endangered
Flamingo
Animal facts
Flamingo is the most graceful bird. There are two kinds of flamingoes red or Caribbean, and pink. These birds you can see in tropical and subtropical zones.
Where they live
The pink flamingoes live in Russia, in Kazakhstan, in India. The Caribbean flamingo live - on islands of Caribbean Sea, at the coast of South America and on the Galapagos Islands. They eat worms and mollusks.
Flamingoes are endangered animals.
Amur tiger
Animal facts
At length a tiger 1,8 – 3m, a tail 80 cm, the weight 250kg. Is has stripes red and black. People often kill then for their fur. Now there are only 400 tigers in the world
Where they live
Far East
Habitat
Taiga
What they eat
Meat
IUCN status
Critically endangered
Lynx
Animal facts
A lynx a large animal: length 1m, a tail 20cm, weight 8-15kg. On each side heads are advanced wide tanks, and on the ends of ears of a brush.
Where they live
In Europe the lynx was kept in mountains of Siberian peninsula, in Scandinavia, Poland, Romania, Yugoslavia, Albania, Greece. In Russia she is distributed on a wood zone.
Habitat
Taiga, partly mixed and mountain woods
What they eat
Meat
IUCN status
Endangered
Black antelope
Animal facts
Horns of black antelope are amazingly good; at some individuals they reach 170 centimeters of length. Coloring of man's individuals - coal black with shine, and female individuals - dark chestnut.
Where they live
Meets in Kenya, Malawi and Angola
Habitat
Savanna
What they eat
Grass and other plants
IUCN status
Endangered
Snow leopard
Animal facts
Length of him of 130 centimeters, a tail of 92-105 centimeters, weight of 23-41 kg.
A body of a snow leopard stocky, extended, on rather short legs. He very thick. This large animal has perfectly adapted to severe conditions. Number of a leopard is everywhere small.
Where they live
Average in Central Asia
Habitat
Mountain region
What they eat
Meat
IUCN status
Endangered
Sturgeon
Animal facts
There are 17 different kinds of these fish. People usually destroy them because of its caviar. It’s the most expensive. It’s delicious.
Where they live
Russian, Siberian, Amur and other
Habitat
Rivers
What they eat
Seaweeds, other fish, mollusks
Critically endangered
Eagle
There are 9 kinds of these birds. Three kinds of them are endangered.
Length of eagle is 1 meter. Eagles have excellent sight.
Where they live
Africa, America, Asia
Habitat
Arrange nests on the trees and rocky mountains
What they eat
Small birds and mammals
IUCN status
Endangered
The RSPCA. WWF. “Greenpeace”.
“Red Book”.
People have lived on our planet for many years. They lived and live on different continents, in different countries. People depend on their planet, on the sun, on animals and plants around them. People must take care of Earth. Our ecology becomes worse and worse with every new day. Many species of animals and birds are disappearing nowadays. People destruct wildlife, cut down trees to make furniture. They forget that people can’t live without trees and plants, because they fill air with oxygen. And, of course, great problems are population and animal’s destruction. The main reason of pollution is rubbish. Most of rubbish goes to big holes in the ground, called ‘dumps’. But dumps are very dangerous for our life because they are full of rats, which can carry infections away from dumps. Another way to get rid of rubbish is to burn it. But the fires make poisons, which go into the air and pollute it. But pollution isn’t the only actual problem. Everyday a big number of animals disappear. People kill animals for different aims: e.g. people hunt whales for their meat and oil; elephants for their tusks, crocodiles for their leather and so on. And also animals are used for medicals experiments. The most wide – speared from such animals are monkeys. Modern life is bad for animals, birds and fish. The air isn’t fresh and the water isn’t pure. They don’t have good meal and facilities for the life. You can find their names in the Red Book.
Of course, people can’t stay indifferent to these problems. There are a lot of special organizations, which try to save our nature. The most known are: The Royal Society for the prevention of cruelty to animals (The RSPCA), the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and Greenpeace.
The RSPCA tries to protect animals from bad use. It operates big nation campaigns aimed at lost pets, circus animals. The WWF rescued several species of animals, mammals as well as birds. This organization also helped to create more than 250 National parks. Greenpeace began its work 20 years ago from saving whales. And no Greenpeace is a world-famous organization, which saves plants, animals and people. These organization, want to rescue animals, to help them to survive and to save jungle rain forest, which are in danger of destruction. And they also help animals cause many of them already gone as they have nowhere to live. Their homes, the trees, have disappeared. We must save wild animals. And we must find the right way to save land, people and animals. We must take care of nature, because we are part of it.
“Greenpeace”
The activity of many public organizations is directed to protect environment. One of the most known organizations is “Greenpeace”, whose purpose is prevention of environment degradation. This organization was founded in 1971 by the activists from the USA and Canada and it has representations in 25 countries of the world. “Greenpeace” acts against nuclear tests, radiating threat, pollution of the environment by waste industrial products, to protect the animal world, etc. This organization influences public opinion through mass media, under aegis manifestations and protest actions are carried solutions for concrete ecological problems.
For example, the “Greenpeace” sent its boats to protect whales, and today commercial whaling is banned. In the North Sea Greenpeace swimmers turned back dump ships carrying chemical waste and a new laws to protect the North Sea have been considered.
“Red Book”
When I look around I realize that not all people understand the importance of nature protection. On fine summer days a lot of people go out of town. They have picnics on the shores of lakes and the banks of rivers or on beautiful forest glades and they often leave behind a lot of rubbish-plastic bags and bottles, tins and paper. It makes me feel sad when I see people returning to town with huge bunches of forest or meadow flowers. Many of these plants are included into the Red Book which contains the names of rare plants and animals. Some of them have become extinct and others are on the verge of disappearing. If we don’t realize that we are all responsible for what’s happening around us we will never feel secure about the future of the world we live in.
Wild Animal’s Park. National Parks.
National Park Grand Canyon
Country: USA
State: Arizona
Territory: 4.924 км2
It was founded in 1908.
In 1979 was written in UNESCO.
Yosemite National Park
County: USA
State: California
Territory: 3.081 км2
It was founded in 1890.
National Park Rocky Mountain
County: USA
State: Colorado
Territory: 1.078 км2
It was founded in 1915.
Kronotsky Sanctuary
There is a wonderful valley in Russia. It’s a birthplace of hot springs (geysers) in Kamchatka. It’s called ‘The Geyser’s valley’.
This valley is a part of Kronotsky Sanctuary. It was founded in 30-s years of XX century. You can get there only by helicopter. When you are flying you can see magnificent tundra, exciting volcanoes, wide rivers, and deep lakes – it’s a mysteries of world full of legends.
One of the most beautiful and well-known hot springs in Kamchatka are Big and Small Geysers. They are the most beautiful and powerful in the valley.
Many people want to visit the valley. By the fact is not to easy to get there. You must have a special permission for it.
If you are lucky – you can see and admire some of the most beautiful of geysers: Fontan, Dvoinoy, Nepostoyanny and other.
And, of course, you can see the horrible and mysteries geysers Hell’s Gate. It was a strange form consists of two griffons. And you always hear terrible thunder noise.
The valley full of swirl stream, light sulphur’s smell and bright multi-colored splashes.
Belovezhskaya Dense Forest
Belovezhskaya Dense Forest – is a national park. It’s occupied 163.505 km2 and situated in Grodno and Brest regions. This park was founded in the beginning of XX century in the USSA.
Thanks for natural climatic conditions – it’s a best place for aurochs breeding. Belovezhskaya Dense Forest – it’s a scientific center and a famous tourist object.
Many people come there to acquaint oneself with wonderful world of wild nature.
The Peak District
The two great cities of Manchester and Sheffield lie just 50 kilometers apart. Between them is one of the most unspoiled areas in England. This area is known as the Peak District.
The Peak District is a national park, which means that it is protected from industrial and urban development.
The area attracts many visitors from both cities. It also includes wild land; where there is more sheep farming is an important part of the local economy.
Another interesting thing of this area is a large lake which gives water for the city of Sheffield. Some houses in this area are built from local stone, some from the red brick. The Peak District has many pretty villages and small towns.
Teberdinsky Sanctuary
The London Zoo
London has a very fine old Zoo, which many children with their parents and friends visit every day. The Zoo is in a large park which is not far from the centre of London. Many old trees grow in the park, and in spring, summer and autumn there are a lot of beautiful flowers there too.
The Zoo is open every day from 9 o'clock in the morning to 7 o'clock in the evening. Many kinds of animals live there: elephants, giraffes, sea-lions and polar bears, brown bears and foxes, and big and little monkeys. There are many different kinds of birds there too. Some of them have very beautiful bright colours.
The Moscow Zoo
The Moscow zoo - one of the oldest zoos of Europe. He was open on February, 12, 1864 and referred to then as a zoo.
By day of opening of a zoo in him 134 copies of pets, 153 copies of wild animals and birds and 7 copies kowtowing contained.
Kingdom of birds
Before the first human arrived, New Zealand was by birds. There were over 160 different species. With few natural enemies, most of these birds lost their ability to fly. Some were very tall and ate leaves off the trees, while others grazed like sheep.
Today only a few of New Zealand`s birds survive. One is the kiwi, which is about the size of a duck. The kiwi is the national bird and emblem. New Zealanders often call themselves "Kiwis". English spoken in New Zealand is often called Kiwi English.
Most of New Zealand`s unique birds and many of its native seals and fish have become extinct in the last five hundred years.
We must:
Save our planet!
Don’t kill birds and animals!
Save rare and extinct animals!
Don’t pick up rare flowers!
Keep our planet clean and tidy!
Don’t kill rare animals and birds!
Never destroy birds’ nests!
Arrange zoos and Wild Animals’ Parks!
Always help sick animals!
Arrange seed-can for birds!
Help homeless dogs and cats!
Live in peace with animals and birds!
* These posters were created by pupils of 6th form. They asked people all over the world : « Let’s protect and help animals, save our planet".
Послесловие
Эта книга создана учащимися 6-х классов МОУ СОШ № 6 и при поддержке учащихся ШНО 9А и10Б классов.
Тема книги – «Исчезающие виды животных. Национальные парки и заповедники».
Материал для книги собирался учащимися из разных источников: это сведения из энциклопедий, Интернета, статьи из научно-популярных журналов и др.
Материал написан простым и понятным языком, что делает книгу незаменимой для широкого круга читателей.
Авторы:
учащиеся 6-х классов МОУ СОШ № 6 г. Пятигорска
учащиеся 9А, 10Б классов
Учитель английского языка
Чернякова Ирина Юрьевна
-25-
