Non-finite forms of the verb

Compiled by Vera Kiselyova

NON-FINITE FORMS SCHEME

Infinitive

Gerund

Present Participle (Participle I)

Past Participle (Participle II)

Infinitive

I. Fill in the gaps with the Infinitives in the set expressions.

to cut a long story short to say the least of it

to tell the truth … leaves much to be desired

to put it mildly to be difficult to deal with

to begin with to be hard to please

to be pleasant to look at to have nothing (nobody) …

1) She has got an awful character.She is … … .

2) The story of their love is very long. … they finally got married.

3) … we were greatly surprised … … .

4) I am not going to blame her for her behaviour. … … she was impolite.

5) I didn’t like the new film.I think it … … .

6) He never likes anything and is … … .

7) My brother is fond of reading.He has read all the books in our home library,so now he has … … .

8) My grandmother has … … . That’s why she feels lonely.

9) … … Canada is a large northern country.

10) My mother won’t come to school today. … … I haven’t told her.

II. Choose the correct answer.

1) Are you sure you told me? I don’t remember … about it.

a) having told b) having being told c) to have told d) to have been told

2) Dan appears … some weight.Has he been ill?

a) having lost b) having been lost c) to have lost d) to have been lost

3) We would like … to the president’s reception,but we weren’t … .

a) having invited b) having been invited c) to have invited d) to have been invited

4) The spy admitted … some highly secret information to enemy agents.

a) having given b) having been given c) to have given d) to have been given

5) We were shocked to hear the news of your … .

a) having fired b) having been fired c) to be fired d) to have been fired

6) The baby continued … even after she was picked up.

a) being crying b) having cried c) to cry d) having been crying

Infinitives with and without “to”

Infinitives after common verbs.

I 1) Would you like (join) us?

2) The teacher seems (be) in a good mood today.

3) I was asked (open) this package.

4) I refuse (believe) that story.

5) The professor allowed Alan (leave) early.

6) Paul advised me (take) singing lessons.

II. Infinitives after adjectives and nouns.

1) I went to the library (study) last night.

2) I went to the market (buy) some fruit.

3) We were sorry (hear) the bad news.

4) I was glad (receive) a letter from you.

5) The teacher is always willing (help) us.

6) Be careful (not fall) on the icy sidewalks.

III. Infinitives with the verbs of perception.

1) I saw my friend (run) down the street.

2) I heard the rain (fall) on the roof.

3) I watched a pavement-artist (draw) a portrait.

4) I saw him (fall) off the wall.

5) I’ve never seen her (dance).

6) Did you notice anyone (go) out?

IV. Infinitives after “let”, “help”, “know”, “make”, “have”, “get”.

1) My father let me (drive) his car.

2) My brother helped me (wash) my car.

3) I made my brother (carry) my suitcase.

4) I got my brother (carry) my suitcase.

5) Mrs Lee made her son (clean) his room.

6) Sad movies make me (cry).

7) I had my brother (carry) my suitcase.

V. Insert “to” where necessary.

1. We miss them very much and we are happy that they will (visit) us next month.

2. You could (have done) it long ago.

3. The boy felt his mother (touch) his cheek but he pretended (be sleeping).

4. Mrs.Cool wants her son (look) after his younger sister.She is going (be busy)

till Friday.

5. Don’t let your children (swim) in the river when they are alone.

6. Who made you (stay) here and not (go) away?

7. The neighbours saw Val (leave) but didn’t (tell) Fred about it.

8. She usually felt his hands (be) cold when she touched them.

9. Their family was made (sell) the house just for nothing and (leave) for

Manchester.

10. I heard him (pray) when everybody went to bed.

VI. 1. I’d like --- dance.

2. She made me --- repeat my words several times.

3. I saw him --- enter the room.

4. She did not let her mother … go away.

5. Do you like --- listen to good music?

6. Would you like --- listen to good music?

7. That funny scene made me --- laugh.

8. I like --- play the guitar.

9. My brother can --- speak French.

10. We had --- put on our overcoats because it was cold.

11. They wanted --- cross the river.

12. It is high time for you --- go to bed.

13. May I --- use your telephone?

14. They heard the girl --- cry out with joy.

15. I would rather --- stay at home today.

16. He did not want --- play in the yard any more.

17. Would you like --- go to England?

18. You look tired.You had better --- go home.

19. I wanted --- speak to Nick,but could not --- find his telephone number.

20. It is time --- get up.

21. Let me --- help you with your homework.

22. I was planning --- do a lot of things yesterday.

23. I’d like --- speak to you.

24. I think I shall be able --- solve this problem.

25. What makes you --- think you are right?

26. I shall do all I can --- help you.

VII. Complete the sentences using Complex Object.

1. Do you want (I – to go) with you?

2. Do you know how to use the machine or would you like (he – to show ) you?

3. Do you want (I – to say) it again?

4. Do you want (I – to stay) there?

5. She told (he – to lock) the door.

6. She wouldn’t let (he – to use) her phone.

7. She warned (he – to be) careful.

8. My father allowed (I – to use) his car.

9. I didn’t expect (it – to rain).

10. Let (he – to do) what he wants.

11. I want (you – to know) the truth.

12. Tell her what you would like (she – to do).

13. Did you feel (the house – to shake)?

14. I don’t like (you – to say) such rude things.

15. We knew (he – to be) very brave.

VIII. Change the parts of the sentences into Infinitive Constructions.

1. She has got so fat that she cannot wear this dress now.

2. The window was so dirty that they could not see through it.

3. She was so foolish that she could not understand my explanation.

4. I have very little wool: it won’t make a sweater.

5. The problem is so difficult that it is impossible to solve it.

6. The box is so heavy that nobody can carry it.

7. The baby is so little that it cannot walk.

8. She is so busy that she cannot talk with you.

9. The rule was so difficult that they did not understand it.

10. He was so stupid that he did not see the joke.

IX. Translate into English using Infinitives and Infinitive Constructions.

It is interesting to study English.

1) Хорошую музыку приятно слушать. 2) Учиться никогда не поздно. He began to read a book.

1) Он начал задавать мне вопросы.

2) Он начал петь шуточную песню.

3) Раньше он много курил.Теперь он совсем не курит.

He was the first to enter the room.She was pleasant to look at.I’ve brought you a few books to read.

1) Он единственный помог нам.

2) Он первым написал сочинение.

3) С ней нелегко разговаривать.

4) Мне нужно написать несколько писем.

I came here to see you.

1) Мы пошли искупаться на озеро.

2) Мы взяли такси,чтобы добраться до станции.

3) Она открыла окно,чтобы проветрить комнату.

She was glad to see me.

1) Мы были рады встретиться с друзьями.

2) Она была рада получить от него письмо.

He is too young to understand your joke.He is old enough to help you.

1) Он слишком мал,чтобы пройти 15 миль.

2) Она была достаточно умна,чтобы понять свою ошибку.

3) Он достаточно способный,чтобы выучить иностранный язык.

Functions,forms.

Define the forms of the Infinitives.

1) to begin 4) to be standing

2) to have been walking 5) to be considered

3) to have helped 6) to have been built

Define the functions of the Infinitives.

1. I want to read this book. (Object)

2. It is difficult to read this book. (Subject)

3. I took a book in order to read it at home. (Adverbial)

4. I began to read this book. (Predicative)

5. My home task is to read this book. (Predicative)

6) This is a good book to read. (Attribute)

Define the forms of the Infinitive.

1) to read (Simple Infinitive)

2) to have been walking (Present Progressive Infinitive)

3) to be considered (Simple Passive Infinitive)

4) to have realized (Perfect Infinitive)

5) to be applauding (Progressive Infinitive)

6) to work (Simple Infinitive)

7) to be standing (Progressive Infinitive)

8) to be bought (Simple Passive Infinitive)

9) to have been playing (Perfect Progressive Infinitive)

10) to have helped (Perfect Infinitive)

11) to have been built (Perfect Passive Infinitive)

12) to begin (Simple Infinitive)

13) to be appreciated (Simple Passive Infinitive)

14) to be talking (Progressive Infinitive)

Make corresponding forms of the Infinitive.

1) Simple Infinitive (realize) (to realize)

2) Perfect Passive Infinitive (write) ((to have been written)

3) Progressive Infinitive (talk) (to be talking)

4) Perfect Infinitive (read) (to have read)

5) Perfect Progressive Infinitive (walk) (to have been walking)

6) Simple Passive Infinitive (build) (to be built)

7) Simple Passive Infinitive (find) (to be found)

8) Perfect Infinitive (eat) (to have eaten)

9) Simple Infinitive (go) (to go)

10) Progressive Infinitive (discuss) (to be discussing)

11) Perfect Passive Infinitive (tell) (to have been told)

12) Perfect Progressive Infinitive (read) (to have been reading)

Complete the sentences with an Infinitive phrase.

1. It is fun… 4. It is important… 7. It is difficult…

2. It is dangerous… 5. It’s easy… 8. It’s impolite…

3. It’s a good idea… 6. It is wrong… 9. It takes a lot of time…

Match columns A and B to make the sentences.

A B

It’s not easy for old people to learn English.

It’s quite easy for Dutch people to climb mountains.

It’s not safe in some cities for women to learn languages.

It’s dangerous for unexperienced people to climb stairs.

It is not difficult for young children to make friends.

I t can be difficult in a big city to go out alone at night.

Make sentences with seem and appear.

1. Is Tom worried about anything? He seems … .

2. Does Ann like Jack? She appears … .

3. Is that man looking for anything? He appears … .

4. Has the car broken down? It seems … .

5. Have they gone out? They appear … .

6. Is Dick looking for his gloves? He seems … .

7. Have they been sitting here long? They seem … .

Make sentences.

Onions you feel happy.

Puzzles me laugh.

Jokes my sister cry.

Presents make my friend feel cross.

Toothache makes some people think.

Quizzes don’t make feel tired

A new hair do doesn’t make feel good.

Funny cartoons

Exercise

Sad films

Infinitive Constructions.

Complete the sentences using Complex Object or Complex Subject.

1. I heard … … (the boys – to cry outside).

2. She has never seen … … (her mother – to weep).

3. We saw … … (they – to get into the car).

4. I saw … … (he – to get off the bus).

5. Robert noticed … … (the stranger – to hide the papers).

6. Tom … (to happen) to catch the train.

7. Ann … (to prove) to be married.

8. She … (to turn out) to have lost her money.

9. The concert … (to report) to begin at 8.

10. His father … (to know) to be in hospital now.

Determine the kind of the Infinitive Constructions.

1. I expect you to be on time.

2. Mr.Ross is said to be a millionaire.

3. It was a mistake for Helen to marry Bob.

4. They are still waiting for them to reply.

5. She got her son to do his homework.

6. A new law is expected to be introduced next year.

Insert the Infinitives.

1. He made me (do) it all over again.

2. I used (smoke) 40 cigarettes a day.

3. It may (rain) tomorrow.

4. He will be able (swim) very soon.

5. You ought (go) today.

6. They won’t let us (leave) till morning.

Translate using Infinitives and Infinitive Constructions.

1. Полезно заниматься гимнастикой ежедневно.

2. Я никогда не слышал,что он говорит по-французски.

3. Он хочет,чтобы его сын стал врачом.

4. Приятно купаться в такой прекрасный день.

5. Я полагаю,что эта информация очень важна.

6. Она видела,что он вошёл в дом.

Grammar test.

I. Choose the correct form of the Participle.

1) … this text I found many interesting expressions.

a) reading b) having read

2) … my work I went out for a walk.

a) finishing b) having finished

3) She sat by the window looking at the boys … in the yard.

a) playing b) having played

4) … through the magazine I put it aside.

a) looking b) having looked

II. Use either the Gerund or the Infinitive.

1. He went on (to read).

2. We decided not (to go out).

3. Will you stop (to talk) about it?

4. I suggest (to see) this film.

III. Choose the correct form.

1. I heard him … to somebody loudly.

a) talk b) to talk c) talking

2. What makes you … so?

a) think b) to think c) thinking

3. Let me … you.

a) help b) to help c) helping

4. We expected the guests … at 5.

a) come b) to come c) coming

IV. Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of the Infinitives.

1. Nobody heard him … the house.

a) leave b) have left

2. We wanted the letter … immediately.

a) to post b) to be posted

3. Her mother would like her … Tom.

a) to marry b) to be married

4. She told me … it by Monday.

a) to do b) to have done

5. They seem … still.

a) to have worked b) to be working

6. It is likely … soon.

a) to rain b) to be raining

V. Write the sentences using Complex Object.

1. Please,don’t tell anyone that I’m leaving my job.

I / not / want / anyone / know / it.

2. There’s a football match next Saturday between England and Italy.

You / want / England / win?

VI. Rewrite the sentences using Complex Subject.

1. It is said that this mountain is the highest in Europe.

2. It was reported that five ships were missing after the battle.