Методическая разработка занятия по английскому языку по теме «Нервная система»

Технологическая карта занятия

Общий гуманитарный и социально-экономический учебный цикл

Специальность 34.02.01 «Сестринское дело»

Вид занятия: практическое

Тема: Нервная система

Продолжительность: 90 минут

Место проведения: учебная аудитория

Преподаватель: Москаленко А.С.

Санкт-Петербург

2023 г.

Цель занятия: формирование лексических навыков по теме

Задачи занятия:

Дидактические –

1. Изучить новую лексику

2. Научить извлекать нужную информацию из текста

Воспитательные –

1. Воспитывать чувство ответственности за выполнение задач

Развивающие –

1. Формирование способности к самостоятельной работе

2. Развивать интерес к изучаемому языку

3. Развивать навыки устной речи

Уровни требований:

Студент должен уметь:

 использовать изученную лексику в речи,

 извлекать нужную информацию из текста

Студент должен знать:

 Лексику по теме

 Грамматические правила для построения предложений

Ход занятия

Материально – техническое оснащение занятия

3. Внеаудиторная самостоятельная работа (домашнее задание)

Ребусы.

brain

neuron

spinal cord

Vocabulary (лексика занятия)

to trigger [ˈtrɪgə] – вызывать

stimulus [ˈstɪmjʊləs] – раздражитель

involuntary reflexes [ɪnˈvɒləntərɪ ˈriːfleksiz]– непроизвольные рефлексы

neural network [ˈnjʊərəl ˈnetwɜːk]– нейронная сеть

external sensory system [ɪkˈstɜːn(ə)l ˈsensərɪ ˈsɪstɪm] – внешняя сенсорная система

cerebrum [ˈserɪbrəm] - головной мозг

cerebral cortex [ˈserɪbrəl ˈkɔːteks] – кора головного мозга

cerebellum [serɪˈbeləm] – мозжечок

brain stem [breɪn stem] - ствол головного мозга

hemisphere [ˈhemɪsfɪə] – полушарие

lobe [ləʊb] - доля

nerve cells [nɜːv selz]– нервные клетки

neuron [njʊəˈrɒn] – нейрон, нервная клетка

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

The nervous system is made up of the brain, the spinal cord, and nerves. One of the most important systems in your body, the nervous system is your body's control system. It sends, receives, and processes nerve impulses throughout the body. These nerve impulses tell your muscles and organs what to do and how to respond to the environment. There are three parts of your nervous system that work together: the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, and the autonomic nervous system.

Brain. The brain keeps the body in order. It helps to control all of the body systems and organs, keeping them working like they should. The brain also allows us to think, feel, remember and imagine. In general, the brain is what makes us behave as human beings.

The brain communicates with the rest of the body through the spinal cord and the nerves. They tell the brain what is going on in the body at all times. This system also gives instructions to all parts of the body about what to do and when to do it.

Spinal Cord. Nerves divide many times as they leave the spinal cord so that they may reach all parts of the body. The thickest nerve is 1 inch thick and the thinnest is thinner than a human hair. Each nerve is a bundle of hundreds or thousands of neurons (nerve cells). The spinal cord runs down a tunnel of holes in your backbone or spine. The bones protect it from damage. The cord is a thick bundle of nerves, connecting your brain to the rest of your body. Spinal cord regulates the work of the internal organs under the brain’s control.

Senses. There are five main senses - touch, smell, taste, hearing and sight. These are the external sensory system, because they tell you about the world outside your body. Your senses tell you what is happening in the outside world. Your body's sense organs constantly send signals about what is happening outside and inside it to your control center - the brain.

The cerebrum is part of the forebrain. The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the cerebrum. Certain areas of the cerebral cortex are involved with certain functions.

Sensory areas such as touch, smell, taste, hearing and sight receive messages from the skin, nose, mouth, ears and eyes. We feel, taste, hear and see when these messages are received by the sensory parts of the brain.

The Peripheral Nervous System. The nervous system is made up of nerve cells or neurons that are "wired" together throughout the body, somewhat like communication system. Neurons carry messages in the form of an electrical impulses. The messages move from one neuron to another to keep the body functioning.

Ex.1 Find English equivalents.

Нервная система состоит из; центральная нервная система; периферическая нервная система; вести себя как человек; достигать всех частей тела; защищать от повреждений; получать информацию (сообщения) от кожи; электрический импульс

Ex. 2 Fill in the table.

Ex. 3 Find the odd word

neurons, brain, touch, spinal cord

touch, neuron, smell, taste, hearing, sight

motor, sensory, network

neurons, messages, electrical impulses, smell

Работа в группах (восстановление диалогов)

Dialog 1

Doctor: Let’s have a look at you. I’d like to listen your chest. Breath in then cough.
Ann: I feel hot and feverish and I’ve got a sore throat.
Now again. Thank you. Now I’ll take your temperature. Pull it (the thermometer) under your tongue. Well, it is a bit high. Have you been coughing much?

Doctor: I want to examine your throat. Open your mouth wide. It looks a bit sore. You have got a cold but not a very bad one. I’m giving you a course of antibiotics. Take one capsule every four hour. Here’s a prescription. You’d better have a couple of days in bed.

Ann: Yes, quite a lot, and sneezing.
Doctor: What’s the trouble?

Ann: Thank you, Doctor. Good bye.

Dialog 2

Doctor: You should have been careful. Well, we’ll start with the X-ray examination. Now sit down in this chair and the nurse will take you to the X-ray room.

Doctor: How did it happen?

Doctor: What’s wrong with your leg?
Peter: I feel pain in my leg. I’m afraid it’s fracture.
Peter: I slipped and fell down on my leg. I felt an awful pain when I tried to get up. My friends had to help me get here.
Doctor (after examining the pictures): Unfortunately, it is a fracture. You’ll have to stay in hospital.
(A few minutes later the nurse drives Peter back into the surgery. She passes the X-ray pictures to the doctor.)

Doctor: I think not less than a couple of weeks.

Peter: How long do you think I’ll have to stay here?

Dialog 3

Doctor: Open your mouth, please, let me have a look at your throat … Your pulse, please … Now take off your coat and shirt, I’ll listen to your heart and sound your lungs … Got a temperature?

Doctor: Tell me your trouble?

Patient: Well, I must have caught cold. I’ve been sneezing and coughing all the time and on the top of that it’s hard for me to swallow.
Doctor: There’s nothing serious the case with you. Just avoid draughts, keep the bed for a few days and take the medicine I’ll prescribe you.

Patient: Yes, but not very high – thirty-seven, point three.

Dialog 4

D: I see. Is it painful?

D:  This looks like an eye infection. I think you need antibiotics. Are you allergic to them?

D: Come in. Hello! What brings you here today?

P: Well, I’ve got a problem with my eye. It’s been itchy and swollen since last night.

P: OK. Thanks, doctor. 

P: Yes. It’s very sore, it hurts when I blink.

P: Yes, I’ve got some eye drops from the chemist’s, but they didn’t do anything

P: No, I’m not

D: Let me have a look at it. Your eyelid is indeed swollen. Have you put any drops in it?

D: OK. I’m going to prescribe some eye drops as well. If it doesn’t get better, come back and see me again.  

Просмотр ролика. Систематизация информации в виде схемы или таблицы

https://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=6O-0CVAgaEM