Статья на тему «Ролевая игра в обучении иностранным языкам»
Ролевая игра в обучении иностранным языкам.
Применение ролевой игры в обучении - яркий пример двуплановости, когда педагогическая цель скрыта и выступает в завуалированной форме (Г.А. Китайгородская).
Ролевую игру можно отнести к обучающим играм, поскольку она в значительной степени определяет выбор языковых средств, способствует развитию речевых навыков и умений. Вместе с тем дети с удовольствием играют роли отрицательных персонажей с целью высмеять их отрицательные черты. То есть, мы говорим о воспитательной функции ролевых игр.
Работу над ролевой игрой я провожу на двух или более уроках: на первом, ребята знакомятся с сюжетом ролевой игры и выбирают роли. Проводится обсуждение ролей в группах, выбирается единый план, т.е. каждый из персонажей решает, что и когда он будет говорить, знакомит со своими идеями участников ролевой игры. На втором уроке уже сама ролевая игра. Ребята готовят дома свои роли, на уроке происходит первая проба, сперва в группах, а затем и вслух. По возможности, мы с ребятами записываем её. Это помогает учителю оценить ребят и ребятам самим услышать свои ошибки.
Перед подготовкой этой ролевой игры ребята изучили конструкцию Сложное дополнение и провели ряд тренировочных упражнений на её употребление в разнообразных упражнениях. Например, упражнение на составление предложений из данных слов:
Parents |
want would like expect |
their children |
to be polite. to be kind. to be friendly. to be honest. to be hardworking. to come home in time. to study well. to go in for sports. to help about the house. to go to bed earlier.
|
parents |
ask |
their children |
not to be rude. not to be lazy. not to be dirty. not to be unhappy. not to smoke. not to dance all night. not to skip classes. not to listen to pop-musiс аll day long. not to watch TV too long.
|
children |
want |
their parents |
to be kind. to be friendly. to understand them. to give them pocket money. to buy them all them want. to leave them alone. to help them with their problems.
|
The role play ’’Parents and children” .
The situation: The Ivanovs are worried about their son’s slow progress in his studies. They have come to their son’s teacher to have a talk. Make up a conversation.
Characters:
Dmitry Ivanov (father) 38, an engineer. He works a lot. He does not have much time to spend with his son. When he comes home his son has already done his homework (according to his son). Father is fond of sports and he would like his son to go in for sports. He doesn’t like his son to listen to modern pop-music all day long. But he can’t make him be more serious and plan his time. He asks the teacher to give him advice.
Ann Ivanova( mother),36, his wife, a librarian. She works at the neighborhood library. She comes home at four o’clock and has to do a lot of work around the house. There is nobody at home to help her. She would like her son to be more attentive to her. She wants him to help around the house. Unfortunately, she has to argue with her son, because he doesn’t understand her. She would like him not to be rude to her and not to waste so much time on having fun. She wants him to think more about his studies.
Teacher (Mary Petrova), 28,likes her work, likes children, worries about her students. She is glad that the Ivanovs have come to her. She would like them to come more often to school. She advises the parents to be more strict with their son. She believes their son to be a bright but a very lazy boy. She thinks the Ivanovs should pay more attention to their son. They ought to spend more time together. She advises Dmitry Ivanov to be closer to his son.
Ребята выбирают себе роли и начинают работу в группах.
Еще один пример урока-ролевой игры:
Ролевая игра “Job Interview”.
Цели урока:
Развитие навыков устной речи (монологической и диалогической) по теме «Семья. Характер человека».
Активизация работы на уроке посредством ролевой игры.
Контроль умений письменной речи при заполнении анкеты.
Расширение пассивного словаря учащихся.
Оформление игры “The Job Interview”, рисунок, плакат.
Бейджики для персонажей , анкеты.
Таблицы со словами (пассивный словарь).
Ход урока:
Ведущий:
Dear girls and boys. My name is Mrs.Brown. These are my friends, our managers Mr. Smith and Mrs. Green, and our image-maker Mrs. Johnson. We are from the USA. Today you will know that in America many students like to work in summer and on weekends and how to find a good job. Do Russian students want to have a good job?
Class: Yes, of course.
Ведущий:
Summer job is a tradition among students of American Schools. Long before the end of the school year, students begin to look for job during vacations in June, July, August.
Students send many letters to businessmen. Reasons for jobs are different. Some want to have more pocket money; others want to know more about future professions.
Paperboy, typist, salesclerk, baby-sitter, waiter are some of popular jobs.
Do you want to work in a new café McDonald’s in Vyborg?
Class: Why not?
Ведущий: So, listen to our image-maker.
Image-maker: Hello! My name is… I help you to make a good impression on your new boss. Look at that picture. Which of the two boys do you like? (на рисунке два персонажа-опрятный и нет). Listen, what you should do on the job interview.
- Be on time for the interview. .
- Speak clearly.
- Always be polite.
- Look at the interviewer.
- Sit straight.
- Answer the questions.
- Be sincere and honest.
- Dress neatly.
- Do not chew gum.
- Thank the interviewer for his time.
Do you want to take part in the job interview?
Class: yes, certainly.
First manager: Hello! I’m the first manager in a new McDonald’s and I’d like to welcome you on our job interview. But today we can take only 1 or 2 of you in our café. I give you sheets of paper to answer the questions of course in English. After that we shall choose only 5. Good luck!
(4-5 min to complete the tables)
2nd manager: Please, give me your sheets of paper and in a few minutes we shall tell you the results.
(Совещаются и отбирают 5 лучших )
Our congratulations to ….
1st manager : Now please everyone say few words about yourself and about your character, your hobby. You may choose words from these tables.
1st applicant: My name is…. I’m a pupil of 7th grade and study in school №14. I am very helpful and can do different work. I am athletic and love sport. Always I am optimistic. One of my hobbies is music.
(5 ребят рассказывают о себе)
2nd manager : Now please answer the questions:
When do you go to school in the mornings or in the evenings?
When are your lessons over?
Did you work before?
Do you want to be a salesclerk? A waiter? A worker?
Can you work on Saturdays? On Sundays?
Can you work overtime? What salary do you want to have?
Ведущий: Тhank you very much. Now we can see the results. After a long competition we can take 2 of you: … and …..
Welcome on Saturday at 10 a.m.
Итак, ролевая игра как форма организации речевой ситуации является средством интенсификации обучения групповому общению. Ролевая игра мотивирует речевую деятельность, т. к. обучаемые оказываются в ситуации, когда актуализируется потребность что-либо сказать, спросить, выяснить, доказать. Использование таких игр оправдано, в особенности на уроках иностранного языка.
Литература:
Китайгородская Г.А. Методические основы интенсивного обучения иностранным языкам.
ПоляковаЕ.Б., Раббот Г.П. English for teenagers.
Сафонова Елена Валерьевна
Медведникова Инга Николаевна